R Programming Introduction

Hello today we will start with basic introduction to R Programming for data analysis.

Lesson 1:Introduction to R

• Using the Graphical User Interface R.
• Getting data into R.
• Arithmetic into R.
• Data Types used in R.
• R Operations.
• Functions
• Statistics for R.

How to Obtain R

R is available for Linux, MacOS, and Windows. RStudio  can be downloaded  https://www.rstudio.com/

What is Workspace

The workspace is the current  working environment for doing data analysis for R and it includes any user-defined objects (vectors, matrices, data frames, lists, functions). At the end of an R session, the user can save an image of the current workspace that is automatically reloaded the next time R is started.

What is Graphic User Interfaces

RStudio is the most popular R code editor and better interfaces with R for Windows,MacOS and Linux platform.

These  are most important things to remember about R.

1. Everything is a object in R.
2.  Everything is a vector in R.
3. All commands are functions:    quit(),q().
4. Some of the commands produce different arguments.

Now to do data analysis using R we have to first  install RStudio- https://www.rstudio.com/

 according to system specification windows/Ubuntu/Mac.

RStudio Graphical User Interface

Save the file using the extension my.R

Now the question is How to get data into and out of R

• Type the data in Rstudio.
• Read data by Database 
• Read data from file

How to get data into and out of R

• Save the data in your workspace
• Save the data in file system.
• Type in the text file.

Typing data into R

How to get data into R.

In the R prompt we type the code given below to print value.Here  symbol <- is used to assignment operator.

x <- 1
> print(x)
[1] 1
> x
[1] 1
> var <- "hi"

x <-     ## Incomplete expression
 Here the  #  character denotes the comment.R is  not used for multi line comments.


Arithmetic Operators in R

R is also used as a basic calculator and it supports many arithmetic operators.

# An addition
2 + 5

# A subtraction
7 - 5

# A multiplication
8 * 5

 # A division
(9 + 5) / 2

Output -

> # An addition

> 5 + 5
[1] 10
> 10
[1] 10

> # A subtraction

> 5 - 5
[1] 0
> 0
[1] 0

> # A multiplication

> 3 * 5
[1] 15
> 15
[1] 15

>  # A division

> (5 + 5) / 2
[1] 5
> 5

[1] 5